原子发射光谱仪需要用强大的能量去气化，并激发 ， 原子外层电子被激发后，返回较低能态就会产生发射光谱。所以原子发射首先需要激发源，比如电火花、激光、等离子体等，使原子气化，再被激发。

　　Atomic emission requires a strong energy to gasification, and excited, the outer electrons are excited, return to the lower energy state will produce emission spectra. So the atomic emission first need to stimulate the source, such as electric spark, laser, plasma, etc., so that the atomic gasification, and then be excited.

　　原子荧光是用该原子的特征光去激发原子外层电子，显然光能比等离子体的能量弱很多，但是现在因为使用空心阴极灯，大大提高了光的能量，而且是锐线光，使部分元素的激发变得容易了许多，因此原子荧光可以比较容易滴应用到汞、砷、硒这一类低沸点元素上。然后被激发的原子外层电子返回低能态，产生发射光谱，这个发射光谱和原子发射光谱是一样的，但是因为是被光激发出来的光，是一种二次发光，所以被称作荧光。 为了避免被一次光(激发光)干扰，荧光的检测器都是设在光路的直角方向。 比较特别的，X-射线原子荧光，激发的是内层电子，产生空穴，外层电子进去补空时，发射出X-射线原子荧光，因为X-射线不可以用普通石英玻璃去做光窗，一般会使用某些金属片做窗户，比如铍。

　　Atomic fluorescence was excited with the characteristics of the outer electrons of the atoms atoms of light to light, obviously than the plasma energy is much weaker, but now because of the use of hollow cathode lamp, greatly improve the light energy, and sharp lines of light, the excitation of some elements much easier, so the atomic fluorescence can be easily applied to drop mercury, arsenic and selenium in the low boiling point element. Atomic outer electron is excited and then return to the ground state, the emission spectrum, emission spectroscopy and atomic emission spectroscopy is the same, but because it is excited by light from light, is one of the two light, so called fluorescence. In order to avoid being disturbed by a light (Ji Faguang), the fluorescence detector is located in the right angle direction of the optical path. In particular, X- ray atomic fluorescence excitation is the inner electrons, generated hole, outer electrons in fill empty, X- ray emit atomic fluorescence, because X- ray do light window with ordinary quartz glass, usually use some sheet metal for windows, such as beryllium.

　　所以两个光谱法的区别就是：

　　So the difference between the two methods is:

　　发射光谱 —— 荧光光谱

　　Emission spectrum, fluorescence spectrum

　　1 光源 ： 复杂的激发装置 ------- 空心阴极灯

　　1 source: excitation device - hollow cathode lamp complex

　　2 气化 ： 与激发装置相同 ------- 直接挥发或者产生氢化物

　　2: gasification hydride and excitation device of the same, or direct evaporation

　　3 光路 ： 直线光路 ——— 直角光路

　　3 light path: straight line optical path

　　4 光栅： 需要单色器 —— 无需单色器

　　4: the need for monochromator without grating monochromator